Madagascar is often imagined as a land of lush greenery and unique wildlife. While its rainforests are undeniably remarkable, much of the island is a vibrant tapestry of grasslands, which make up about 65% of its surface.

This often-overlooked ecosystem is vital to understanding the island’s ecological diversity, including its remarkable flora and fauna.

The Central Highlands of Madagascar

Madagascar, the fourth-largest island on Earth, boasts varied landscapes. The eastern coast features tropical rainforests, while the central and western regions are primarily savannah-like grasslands. These open spaces stretch across much of the island, creating breathtaking horizons and supporting unique ecosystems.

Despite their beauty, these grasslands have been at the center of scientific debate. Some researchers argue that they predate human settlement, hosting a rich diversity of grasses, including 541 identified species, 216 of which are found nowhere else. This suggests that Madagascar’s grasslands are ancient and harbor unique biodiversity. Historical megafauna, such as large herbivores, are believed to have roamed these areas, shaping the landscape. Today, the grasslands are maintained by grazing animals and controlled burns.

Others, however, view these grasslands as degraded remnants of once-thriving forests. Critics point to signs of erosion and claim the open spaces lack ecological richness. While it’s true that some areas have been altered for agriculture, significant stretches of grasslands remain intact, showcasing their resilience and importance.

The Baobab: A Tree Like No Other

The baobab tree is one of Madagascar’s most iconic features, with six of the world’s eight species found on the island. These majestic trees are renowned for their distinctive shape and longevity, with some living for thousands of years. As they grow, natural hollows form, providing shelter for wildlife and humans alike.

Baobabs are also steeped in practical uses. Across the world, they have served as gathering spaces, storage sites, and even temporary shelters. Despite their resilience to environmental challenges, many ancient baobabs have mysteriously died in recent decades, leaving researchers puzzled. Climate shifts may play a role, offering a sobering reminder of the fragility of ecosystems in the face of change.

A Landscape Worth Protecting

Madagascar’s grasslands are not monolithic; they vary widely, from rolling plains to rugged terrain interspersed with streams and trees. The presence of trees in these savannahs doesn’t diminish their ecological value. These landscapes support a unique blend of species and play a crucial role in maintaining the island’s biodiversity.

Preserving Madagascar’s grasslands and its remarkable species, like the baobab, is essential for future generations. While debates over the origins of these ecosystems may continue, their beauty and ecological importance are undeniable. Madagascar is more than forests and lemurs—it’s a mosaic of landscapes that deserve our attention and care.